The Impact of Z-Score Transformation Scaling on the Validity, Reliability, and Measurement Error of Instrument SATS-36

The Likert scale is a psychometric commonly used for response measurement. This measurement includes techniques designing and administering surveys as well coding analyzing data. However, scaling has various limitations that can affect the resulting study aims to reprove number of dimensions SATS-36 instrument, prove validity, estimate reliability statistical attitude instrument (SATS-36) on students at religious universities in Indonesia using Z-Score Transformation Scaling. latent constructs cognitive competence, value, difficulty, effect, effort were constructed according pattern statements each item. uses confirmatory research with quantitative approach. For Indonesia, 243 respondents selected stratified one-stage cluster random sampling technique. Proof validity estimation was done factor analysis. results this show rescaling method improve factors but cannot increase Cronbach's coefficient internal consistency reduce standard error implies it not enough rescale or transform data measuring instrument. necessary calibrate statement sentence item question so measures its construct. Further also needs test effectiveness addition improving instruments.